USDA loans are 0% down payment mortgages available for low- to moderate-income families. To qualify, you must find a property in a USDA-eligible rural or suburban area, and your total household income cannot exceed the local USDA income limit.
For non-specific areas, the income limits are $119,850 for a 1-4 member household and $158,250 for a 5-8 member household.
*If a household exceeds 8 members, each additional member receives 8% of the 4-person income limit for their area towards the total.
Income limits are a key eligibility factor for USDA loans. The program is intended to help rural homebuyers whose incomes fall within the low- to moderate range for their area.
As a result, the USDA caps household income based on county-level cost differences and updates those limits periodically to reflect inflation.
In 2026, the USDA income limits in most areas are:
For households larger than eight people, the USDA increases the income limit for each additional household member.
The increase is calculated as 8% of the area's 1-4 person income limit, and that amount is added to the 5-8 person income limit.
Let's say your household has 9 members, and your area uses the standard 2026 income limits shown above.
Here's how the adjustment is calculated:
In this example, the income limit for a 9-person household would be $167,838.
USDA loans have no universal fixed maximum income limit. Instead, the limit differs depending on the area where you are looking to buy a home.
Higher income limits apply in areas with higher costs of living. For example, a homebuyer applying for a USDA loan in Yakima, Washington, cannot have a combined household income greater than $124,800 for a household size of 1-4 people or $164,750 for a household size of 5-8.
When determining USDA income eligibility, lenders must include the income of all adult household members, even if they are not applying for the loan.
This requirement is unique to the USDA loan program. Most other mortgage loan types only consider the income of the borrower(s) listed on the application and do not impose household income limits.
Certain exclusions apply for senior household members and full-time students.
Lenders will first check the income limit in the area for which you're applying. They will determine whether or not the area is eligible for USDA financing, and then they will check the income limit.
The USDA looks at the total gross income for all adult household members, not just the loan applicants. This includes:
You can find your gross, or pre-tax, income by checking your pay stub or tax return. If your pay is hourly, you can calculate your annual income using the following formula:
(Hourly Rate x Number of Hours per Week) x 52 = Total Annual Income
Check out this article to learn about how USDA lenders calculate variable employment income.
The USDA allows certain adjustments when determining a household's income. For income considerations, the USDA allows adjustments for full-time students and elderly household members.
If a full-time student is a dependent household member (meaning they are not directly applying for the loan and are the applicant's spouse), the USDA will only count $480 of their income and any amount above that is excluded.
Income from elderly or disabled household members is still included, but the USDA allows a $400 annual deduction from total household income.
For example, suppose you and your spouse earn a combined $60,000 per year, and an elderly household member receives $24,000 per year in disability income. The USDA allows a $400 deduction for the elderly household member.
In this case, your adjusted household income would be:
$60,000 + $24,000 - $400 = $83,600
The USDA may also allow deductions for:
Here are some other forms of income excluded from your household's income limit:
After verifying your income and eligibility, USDA lenders review these additional financial factors to determine how much loan you can afford:
Unlike FHA and conventional loans, USDA loans do not have set loan limits.
Instead, the maximum loan amount a borrower can qualify for is based on their ability to repay the loan, which is determined by their income, debts, and the USDA's debt-to-income (DTI) guidelines.
In other words, if you meet the USDA eligibility requirements, you can likely borrow as much as a lender will give you.
Neighbors Bank is proud to be a Top 3 USDA Lender. We believe in making homebuying simple and accessible for families across the country. If you're considering a USDA loan, start your prequalification today to check your USDA eligibility and see how much home you can afford.